EPA ECHO (Enforcement and Compliance History Online): what it returns, and whether it works in Clay

EPA ECHO (Enforcement and Compliance History Online) is not available in Clay. It is best for Lead lists, Diligence, Buying signals. Pricing: Free. Access: Free public data, web services and bulk downloads; no key stated on the pages read; no fees. Licence: US government work. Facility level, names and addresses public..

Data domains: Government, Compliance, Company, Geography.

What does EPA ECHO (Enforcement and Compliance History Online) return?

Official fields (ECHO Exporter column list, July 2025 version, 137 columns, selected): REGISTRY_ID; FAC_NAME; FAC_STREET; FAC_CITY; FAC_STATE; FAC_ZIP; FAC_COUNTY; FAC_FIPS_CODE; FAC_LAT; FAC_LONG; FAC_NAICS_CODES; FAC_SIC_CODES; FAC_MAJOR_FLAG; FAC_ACTIVE_FLAG; FAC_INSPECTION_COUNT; FAC_DATE_LAST_INSPECTION; FAC_INFORMAL_COUNT; FAC_FORMAL_ACTION_COUNT; FAC_DATE_LAST_FORMAL_ACTION; FAC_TOTAL_PENALTIES; FAC_PENALTY_COUNT; FAC_DATE_LAST_PENALTY; FAC_LAST_PENALTY_AMT; FAC_QTRS_WITH_NC; FAC_PROGRAMS_WITH_SNC; FAC_COMPLIANCE_STATUS; FAC_SNC_FLG; FAC_3YR_COMPLIANCE_HISTORY; AIR_FLAG; NPDES_FLAG; SDWIS_FLAG; RCRA_FLAG; TRI_FLAG; GHG_FLAG; CAA_, CWA_, RCRA_ and SDWA_ program counts, penalties and compliance status; TRI_RELEASES_TRANSFERS; GHG_CO2_RELEASES; FEC_NUMBER_OF_CASES; FEC_TOTAL_PENALTIES; FAC_FEDERAL_AGENCY; DFR_URL.

What can you derive from it?

1. Significant non-compliance: facilities flagged SNC or high priority violator, which need consultants, equipment upgrades or remediation. 2. Recent formal action or penalty: a dated enforcement event that creates a buying window for environmental services. 3. Permit universe by NAICS: every regulated facility of a type in a region, a ready-made industrial account list with coordinates. 4. Compliance trend: quarters in non-compliance over three years as a risk score. 5. Emissions scale: TRI releases and GHG CO2 as proxies for plant size and process intensity.

How would a GTM team use it?

1. Lead lists: pull all CWA permit holders with recent effluent exceedances for a water treatment or industrial services portco. 2. Diligence: run every site of a manufacturing target through the Corporate Compliance Screener before LOI and price in open actions. 3. PE screen: count regulated facilities by NAICS and county to size an environmental services add-on market. 4. Revenue trigger: alert when a facility in a portco's territory receives a formal action or penalty. 5. Content demo: list the largest penalties in an industry over the past year with facility names.

What are the caveats?

Not a native Clay integration as of 2026-10-17 (checked against Clay's integrations catalog). Can be called through Clay's HTTP API column where an API exists. Facility records, not companies: parent company linkage is weak, so roll-ups need FRS and name matching. State-run programs report with varying completeness and lag; EPA lists known data problems. Penalties are agency figures and can be revised on appeal. EPA was running scheduled maintenance on 17 October 2026, so some services were down during the check.